{ "checked_at": "2026-10-07T12:26:51.354217+00:00", "series_number": 2, "scope": "One biography. Research leads from the supplied run file were rechecked; uncertainties are retained rather than filled with inference.", "sources": [ { "id": "nara-key", "title": "National Archives numbered mural key", "url": "https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/the-declaration-barry-faulkner/ggEG-74W2YPvQQ", "source_type": "Institutional collection metadata", "supports_and_limits": "1936, approximate dimensions, 28 figures, Chase No. 2 front row between Morris and Carroll; symbolic composition." }, { "id": "nara-study", "title": "Lester S. Gorelic, Prologue, Spring 2014", "url": "https://www.archives.gov/files/publications/prologue/2014/spring/murals.pdf", "source_type": "Institutional historical interpretation", "supports_and_limits": "The far-left grouping is interpreted through work for independence behind the scenes. Not authority for every committee membership or every biographical statement." }, { "id": "msa-profile", "title": "Maryland State Archives biographical profile", "url": "https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc3500/sc3520/000200/000235/html/235bio.html", "source_type": "State archival reference", "supports_and_limits": "Birth, home education, law mentor, occupations and Baltimore death attribution. Compare conflicting bar/death entries." }, { "id": "msa-signing", "title": "Maryland State Archives portrait history", "url": "https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc3500/sc3520/000200/000235/html/235extbio.html", "source_type": "State archival reference", "supports_and_limits": "Annapolis on July 2 and July 4; signed in Philadelphia August 2; opposition to constitutional ratification." }, { "id": "msa-estate", "title": "Maryland Biography Project and source worksheet", "url": "https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc3500/sc3520/000200/000235/html/ndnbchase.html", "source_type": "Scholarly biography and source worksheet, not an independently reconciled probate", "supports_and_limits": "Construction pressure, flour purchases/accusations, personal property $14,866.01 including fifteen enslaved people, land listed separately. Internal discrepancy about liabilities and total estate is disclosed." }, { "id": "nps-signers", "title": "National Park Service, Signers of the Declaration, 1973", "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/files/55838/55838-h/55838-h.htm", "source_type": "Federal historical publication in public domain transcription", "supports_and_limits": "Chase biography and Chase-Lloyd House entry: began 1769, sold unfinished1771, never resided there, completed1774 for Lloyd by Buckland with Noke." }, { "id": "harvard-letters", "title": "Harvard Declaration Resources Project, delegates correspondence", "url": "https://declaration.fas.harvard.edu/blog/dd-great-question", "source_type": "Institutional edition quoting contemporary letters", "supports_and_limits": "July 1 Adams report of Maryland instructions reaching Congress, and July5 Chase quotation. The precise location and alleged ride on July1 are not established." }, { "id": "mhs-july9", "title": "John Adams to Samuel Chase, 9 July 1776", "url": "https://www.masshist.org/publications/adams-papers/index.php/volume/PJA04/pageid/PJA04p373", "source_type": "Contemporary letter in scholarly edition", "supports_and_limits": "Philadelphia celebrations, later subscription expectation and short river/bridge quotation. Original letter is distinct from modern editorial notes." }, { "id": "nara-timeline", "title": "National Archives founding document timeline", "url": "https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/timeline", "source_type": "Institutional chronology", "supports_and_limits": "Distinguish July2 independence resolution, July4 text adoption and August2 signing." }, { "id": "morgan-cadwalader", "title": "John Cadwalader, letter of 1 March1782, MA558.6", "url": "https://www.themorgan.org/literary-historical/81054", "source_type": "Institutional catalogue of a contemporary manuscript", "supports_and_limits": "Later circulation of flour accusations and opposition to Chase; not proof of guilt or a judicial outcome." }, { "id": "council-payment", "title": "Maryland Council journal, 19 February1780", "url": "https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc2900/sc2908/000001/000043/html/am43--90.html", "source_type": "Contemporary government account", "supports_and_limits": "Order to pay Chase \u00a325,000 for John Dorsey and Company on account. Not Chase personal profit or a current-money conversion." }, { "id": "fjc-service", "title": "Federal Judicial Center, Chase judicial biography", "url": "https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/chase-samuel", "source_type": "Federal institutional record", "supports_and_limits": "Early service, circuit assignments, 26/27January1796 nomination/confirmation, impeachment dates, 19June1811 Baltimore attribution." }, { "id": "house-biography", "title": "U.S. House History, Art and Archives, Chase", "url": "https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/10869", "source_type": "Congressional biography", "supports_and_limits": "Canada mission, judicial controversies and burial. Its Washington death location conflicts with the FJC and short Maryland profile." }, { "id": "senate-trial", "title": "Senate Historical Office, Chase impeachment", "url": "https://www.senate.gov/about/powers-procedures/impeachment/impeachment-chase.htm", "source_type": "Federal historical account", "supports_and_limits": "12March1804 impeachment; 4February1805 trial; 1March1805 acquittal on eight articles; guilty majorities on three fell below two thirds." }, { "id": "fjc-impeachment", "title": "Federal Judicial Center, Samuel Chase impeached", "url": "https://www.fjc.gov/node/13936/modal", "source_type": "Federal interpretive history", "supports_and_limits": "Judicial independence implications; not a Supreme Court opinion granting permanent immunity." }, { "id": "capitol-answer", "title": "Capitol Visitor Center, Samuel Chase answer,1805", "url": "https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/artifact/us-v-samuel-chase-answer-samuel-chase-1805", "source_type": "Institutional exhibit of a contemporary document", "supports_and_limits": "Only Supreme Court justice impeached; acquittal and contest over power." }, { "id": "aoc-trumbull", "title": "Architect of the Capitol, Declaration of Independence", "url": "https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/declaration-independence", "source_type": "Institutional artwork history", "supports_and_limits": "Draft presentation, not August signing; artist included some absent delegates." }, { "id": "npg-trumbull", "title": "National Portrait Gallery, catalogue DC230426", "url": "https://npg.si.edu/object/npg_DC230426", "source_type": "Institutional catalogue", "supports_and_limits": "Lists Samuel Chase as a sitter in the Trumbull painting owned by the U.S.Capitol." }, { "id": "npg-portrait", "title": "John Wesley Jarvis, Samuel Chase,1811,NPG.67.2", "url": "https://npg.si.edu/object/npg_NPG.67.2", "source_type": "Institutional object and rights metadata", "supports_and_limits": "Oil on wood, Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery, CC0. On-view status is not promised." }, { "id": "portrait-copy", "title": "Public-domain portrait copy on Wikimedia Commons", "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Wesley_Jarvis_-_Samuel_Chase_-_NPG.67.2_-_National_Portrait_Gallery.jpg", "source_type": "Faithful public-domain reproduction with institutional accession", "supports_and_limits": "Actual source of downloaded image bytes. Smithsonian browser request returned403; no challenge was solved or bypassed." } ], "timeline": { "1776-07-01": "Adams reports Maryland instructions arriving by post; Chase exact location not established in the verified correspondence.", "1776-07-02": "Annapolis according to Maryland State Archives.", "1776-07-04": "Annapolis according to Maryland State Archives.", "1776-08-02": "Signed in Philadelphia according to Maryland State Archives." }, "not_asserted": [ "A proven criminal conviction for flour dealings", "A verified1788 bankruptcy filing", "A complete audited negative estate value", "The July1 horseback delivery", "The proposed16January1782 legislative clearance, not established in this pass", "A costume or prop meaning invented for Chase", "Impeachment as removal, unanimous approval or permanent immunity" ], "portrait": { "object": "NPG.67.2", "artist": "John Wesley Jarvis", "year": 1811, "institution": "National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution", "rights": "CC0 as designated by the Smithsonian object record", "rights_source": "https://npg.si.edu/object/npg_NPG.67.2", "download_copy_source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Wesley_Jarvis_-_Samuel_Chase_-_NPG.67.2_-_National_Portrait_Gallery.jpg", "download_asset": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/John_Wesley_Jarvis_-_Samuel_Chase_-_NPG.67.2_-_National_Portrait_Gallery.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=index&utm_content=original", "original_sha256": "30f5a236a7a5457fb2ebbe5de07ec91a1b458808b9940c36916676a55edc27cf", "original_bytes": 11119304, "generated_image": false, "public_asset": "/images/samuel-chase-declaration-mural.webp", "published_dimensions": [ 1600, 900 ], "treatment": "Entire portrait preserved and resized onto a neutral background; no generated detail.", "published_sha256": "df7a96280cea1d40a0247417767877ea6ffecfc3d43dc76d6a457b5867cc20a0" }, "morris_source_changed": false, "other_biographies_written": false, "full_hub_essay_written": false, "capstone_written": false }